Solid Truth, Shaky Theories: A Christian Response to Conspiracy Theories

Introduction

It was 2020. The dawn of Covid and a harrowing election year. A precious loved one had recently passed away, and I suppose my mind was seeking a distraction. That was when I stumbled into the “rabbit hole” of conspiracy theories.

Well, I say “stumbled into.”

More accurately, I was introduced to conspiracy theories by several fellow Christians that were, at the time, tossing bits and scraps into their newsfeeds, and suggesting there was more to be known about the world’s current events. I took the bait. I dove headlong into the convoluted world of hidden agendas, secret plots, and insurmountable evils, and was consequently “sucked in” for a season. By the end of the year however, I was firmly convinced, that conspiracy theories present a significant spiritual danger to the Christian believer. I witnessed the havoc they inflicted upon thought-lives, the discord and confusion they sowed, the elaborate consequences of distorted realities, and the catastrophic damage they exacted to Christian credibility. Above all, I recognized that they were, at their core, a cataclysmic distraction from Christ and the Gospel.

I arrived at the conclusion that Christian engagement in the realm of conspiracy theorizing is a matter that merits careful examination. A politically and emotionally charged society such as ours, teems with a cacophony of voices. Bombarded by information, we are frequently placed in the distressing position of who and what to believe. The landscape of material we are presented with is often complex and difficult to navigate. It is vital, therefore, that as Christians, our ambitions, thoughts and actions, are grounded steadfastly in Scripture, with the living intent to bring glory to God. (2 Tim. 3:16-17; Col. 3:17; Rom. 12:1-2) I am grateful to know that God’s Word provides rich and abundant guidance for us, illuminating our steps even in dim, uncertain territories. (Ps.119:105)

What Are Conspiracy Theories?

Conspiracy theories are narratives that attribute events to secret, often sinister, plots by powerful groups or individuals. While some contain grains of truth, they often thrive on sensationalism, drawing believers into a web of half-truths and unfounded fears. They often lack substantive evidence, and rely heavily on speculation.

A conspiracy theory is different from a clearly discernible, actionable problem, that can be observed, measured, and addressed by accountable individuals who are distinctly relevant to the resolution. A paramount concern for Christians, is distinguishing what is merely a speculative theory from what is an actionable problem that warrants a personal obligation to become involved. (Pro.14:15; James 1:19; Pro. 18:13; Pro. 15:14; 1 Cor. 14:33)

Are Conspiracy Theories a Relevant Concern for Christians?

History is rife with political intrigue and power plays, and elaborate plots for wealth and prestige. The Old Testament itself provides us with an abundant supply of legitimate conspiracies in the historical accounts of the Kings of Israel. We learn about a scandalous plot by King David to murder a member of his army in order to cover his own adulteress sin in 2 Samuel 11-12. Absalom conspires to overthrow his father in 2 Samuel 15:1-12. Adonijah concocts a plot to make himself King, and begins to carry it out in 1 Kings 1:5-53. Ahab conspires to acquire a coveted vineyard by murdering the innocent Naboth, in 1 Kings 21:1-16.

Man is inherently sinful and selfish. It is no surprise that over 2,700 years later, men would still be conspiring to commit evil deeds and actions. There are, no doubt, individuals and groups, in our age, just as any other, that are conspiring and manipulating outcomes, and exacting harm upon others for personal gain across the world stage. It’s important that we remember, however, that we have a sovereign God Who presides over all men and all nations, all ages, and nothing escapes His knowledge or governance. In Isaiah 49:9-10, God is speaking, “I am God, and there is none like me. I make known the end from the beginning, from ancient times, what is still to come. I say, ‘My purpose will stand, and I will do all that I please.’” There are many things that go on in the world that we cannot fully comprehend, but the Bible does provide us with many clear truths about God, His nature and His character. It is principal that we have a firm grasp of these, and that we employ right knowledge about God as our lens to view all things going on around us.

We know that God is all-knowing, (Psalm 139:1-4) and that not a sparrow falls to the ground that He is unaware of. (Matt. 10:29; Psalm 147:5; Pro. 15:3) There is no act, no matter how vile and despicable, that goes unseen and unrecorded by God’s watchful eyes. We know that He is all-powerful, and that there is absolutely no situation or event in the world that is bigger than He is. We know He is present everywhere. (Ps. 139:7-10; Jer. 23:23-24) and that, as King of Kings and Lord of Lords, He is absolutely sovereign. There is nothing outside of His control or outside the realm of His careful orchestration. (Pro. 16:9; Dan. 4:35) He is intricately involved in every whisp of every life for all of history. We know that He is good, just and holy. (Rom. 8:28; Deut. 32:4; Ps. 89:14; Is. 30:18; Rom. 2:5-6; Is.6:3; Lev. 19:2; Ps. 99:9; 1 Peter 1:15-16) Understanding these things about our God helps us relinquish burdens beyond our capacity to bear. To understand His attributes reinforces our trust in Him with the outcome of all things, because all outcomes, in fact, belong to Him. (Pro. 16:9; Pro. 19:2; Ps. 37:5; Ps. 62:5-8; Pro. 3:5-6; Is. 55:8-9; Jer. 17:7-8; Pro. 28:26; Ps. 20:7)¹

Our era presents us with a unique challenge. No other generation in history has had such vast amounts of information and connections to people at its fingertips, or has had to exist in a world where we are constantly bombarded with news from all over the earth. It’s important to understand, that in spite of this deluge of information we are subjected to, not all of this information is verifiable fact, and more importantly, that we acknowledge that not everything is within our power to combat. Our finite minds cannot possibly grasp the intricacies of human hearts, world events, and the way history will ultimately unfold to the absolute glory of God. Much of our response to what we learn is (or may be) going on around us, hinges on an accurate understanding of God, and where we fit in the picture. Are we executors of God’s wrath? Are we exposers of all secrets and lies? No. We are intended to be trusting subjects of a God Who reigns sovereignly, and metes out justice in ways we are not always privy to.

In 2020, under the banner of “truth” thousands of Q² followers would descend upon, harass, and bully any person that “Q” hinted was problematic. The allegations were colossal, but no legitimate proof or substantial evidence was required.³ No one knew who Q was. He never had to reveal his identity to prove his legitimacy or his credentials, or explain how he “knew” things. He was granted automatic credence with insignificant evidence of credibility. A typical “drop” from Q could be a simple photograph of an individual. No apparent significance to the allegation was required. Q’s followers understood the mission. Without any tangible proof of a crime, they were to bombard and “expose” the individual. Many of those participating claimed to be Christians concerned with the truth. Rather than relying on proper channels to establish what was true however, they seized allegations without the remotest evidence of crime, and took the matter of supposed “justice” into their own hands. The actions of Q followers bore no resemblance to the examples of character and behavior we see in God’s people throughout Scripture. Rather, they exposed an inherent lack of understanding regarding the nature of God and His sovereignty. Proverbs 26:17 aptly warns “Like one who grabs a stray dog by the ears is someone who rushes into a quarrel not their own.” 1 Timothy 5:13 cautions against idle busybodies. Christians must discern between responsible pursuit and destructive meddling. (Pro. 20:3, 2 Thes. 3:11-12; 1 Pet. 4:15; Pro 16:28; 1 Thes. 4:11)

In the examples of the kings mentioned earlier, we observe that an all-knowing God personally intervenes to administer justice, and that He deals with men through channels He has established. In the instance of David’s conspiracy to murder Uriah, God appointed a prophet⁴ to highlight that God’s attention was absolutely on the matter, and that He was indeed concerned with justice. The matter was resolved, ultimately, through God’s divine orchestration of events, and through the individuals to which it pertained specifically. When Nathan addressed David, and confronted him for his sin, he delivered a message predicting that the sword would not depart from his house (2 Samuel 12:10). The broader prophecy indicated that there would be ongoing strife and conflict in David’s family. We see a glimpse of this predicted judgement unfolding several years later, through the conspiracy of Absalom. In other instances, throughout Scripture, we see how God raises up leaders and kingdoms to judge other kingdoms. (Hab. 1:5-6) This is the kind of tapestry God weaves throughout history. We cannot always see and measure how God deals with man, but we must trust that He does. (Pro. 20:22; Rom. 12:19; Ps. 37:5-6; Pro. 3:5-6; Is. 55:8-9; Rom. 11:33-34; Job 11:7-9)

In the realm of conspiracy theories, we are confronted with an assumed obligation to take the matters we discover into our own hands. The truth is, it is unwise in most cases, to do this. 1 Samuel 24 provides another example from the life of David that highlights precisely why. David, a hunted man, is in a cave with Saul, presented with an opportunity to kill him. Though it was within his power, he declined to. David did this because he was leaning into several important truths about God. David understood that God appointed Saul as king. God established the leader. Even though he was anointed to be king eventually himself (1 Sam. 16:12-13) he understood that prematurely ending Saul’s life and reign was taking matters into his own hands. He trusted God’s timing. He did not forcefully take what God promised. David had a firm grasp of God’s sovereignty.  (Dan. 2:21; Rom. 13:1; Pro. 21:1; Ps. 75:6-7; Jer. 1:5). He also avoided personal vengeance, having a deep understanding that God is the ultimate judge and avenger. (1 Sam. 24:12) His actions implied faith in God’s protection. He knew he did not need to resort to violence to protect and secure his future, because he trusted that God would fulfill His promises.  

Examining the Issues & Determining a Proper Christian Response

Engaging in conspiracy theorizing tends to pose an array of significant dangers to the Christian. The thought-life of the Christian comes under attack as they are riddled with all manner of fears and anxieties that accompany conspiracy theories. The focus of the Christian is derailed. Effective interactions are hindered. The subtle nature of pride can become problematic. Conspiracy theorizing also attacks the integrity and credibility of the Christian by engaging them in idle, speculative conversation and promoting potentially inaccurate details about matters of importance. The most important issue of relevance to Christians is that conspiracy theories promote a warped gospel, and provide an endless distraction from the Biblical truth of Christ and the Gospel.

Our Integrity & Credibility

It may be, that because the individuals often involved in the narratives are far-removed from us on a personal level, that recognizing that our sharing of information flies under the “gossip” radar, but this is precisely what it is. The individuals being spoken of, regardless of how important or powerful they are, are men and women, just like us. The salacious narratives swirling around about them are just as harmful to them, as they would be to us. While we cannot always ascertain what is true and what is false immediately in a situation, sharing unverified information, speculative narratives, and supporting our theories with weak resources makes us willing accomplices in the sins of gossip and slander. Even if a matter is true, we should weigh very carefully whether repeating it is prudent and necessary. (Eph. 4:29; Phil. 4:8) Is it truly valuable, helpful information that can stand up to the scrutiny of cross-examination? Is the problem being resolved by sharing it with this particular individual, or does sharing this information have the potential to create further problems?

When Christians engage in sharing speculative accounts, they risk contributing to a culture of misinformation, confusion and distrust. (Pro. 18:8; 26:20; 20:19; 6:19) As Christians, our commitment to truth (John 8:32) compels us to discern between baseless claims and credible information. (Pro. 2:6-11; Pro. 14:15-16) Christians should be very concerned with working first, from a stand-point of verifiable truth. From that place alone, should the Christian be determining the necessity of whether to take what he or she has learned further.

I am reminded of the phrase, “Will it hold up in court?” There is a reason we invoke the concept of “court” to establish the credibility of claims. The justice system has a high standard for evidence in order to protect people against false convictions. God is very concerned with the injustice of false convictions! (Pro. 17:15; Ex. 20:16; Pro. 19:5; Pro. 24:28; Matt. 19:18; Ex. 23:1; Pro. 14:5) Evidence presented in court undergoes rigorous scrutiny. As Christians, navigating the complex realm of information, we would be wise to emulate the rigorous standards of the justice system. Things should matter, like: How was this evidence collected? How is it documented? Was the evidence secure and untampered with? What standards are we using to analyze? Are our methods unbiased?

In assessing information against court standards, various factors come into play. Unreliable sources with a history of inaccuracies, bias, or a lack of credibility raise suspicion. Corroboration, adds strength to evidence. Nathan, when Adonijah attempts to steal the throne, wisely instructs Bathsheba to go to David and present the details of what Adonijah had done. Nathan, then immediately followed her report with his own testimony, validating Bathsheba’s word. The strength of credibility in the corroborating testimonies enabled David to make a clear decision, and take immediate action. (1 Kings 1). Multiple independent sources substantiate claims, enhancing credibility, while anonymous or unverifiable contributors diminish it. Evidence with inconsistencies, contradictions, or discrepancies raises doubts about its accuracy. Emotional or sensational language may signal bias, whereas credible evidence maintains a neutral, factual tone. Transparency is vital; evidence lacking clarity about its origins, methodology, or context is questionable. Missing context can mislead and credible information will provide sufficient background for comprehensive understanding. Expert verification contributes to credibility, as opinions from authoritative figures enhance the strength of evidence. Unsubstantiated claims weaken credibility and dissemination through unreliable outlets diminishes credibility. Relying on reputable sources is crucial for the strength of evidence in any context. We shouldn’t simply seek to latch onto what supports our beliefs, or fills in gaps of our understanding. We should scrutinize the verifiability of facts. A high-standard for sources and evidence can fortify our integrity as representatives of Christ. We should be a people concerned with credibility.

Scriptural Integrity

Another matter of utmost concern to the Christian’s credibility, is an unwavering devotion to the careful, accurate use of Scripture. In the realm of conspiracy theories, it is not uncommon for individuals to support their speculations with Scriptures, intending, by doing so, to bring credence to their ideas. God’s Word is often mishandled in this way, creating an abundance of confusion for those who are trying to sift through and understand information presented to them. It’s imperative that a Christian studies God’s Word contextually, and learns the process of proper exegesis so they can be vigilant in recognizing and addressing misinterpretations as they present themselves. God has revealed Himself in His Word, and it is by His Word that we are able to become acquainted with Him. When we mishandle God’s Word, we misrepresent Him. Understanding the historical, cultural, and literary context of each passage is crucial to interpreting it accurately. Applying Scripture accurately in one’s life and interactions serves as a powerful antidote to distortions of all kinds.

A Posture of Humility

The realm of conspiracy theorizing is laden with snares of hidden pride. Underlying the involvement of many is an inherent distrust of authorities, experts, and establishments. This distrust can be an indication of inability to perceive that other people might know something that we do not, or might be more qualified than we are in a particular area. A conspiracy theorist often has an insatiable hunger to “know” things, which may simply indicate an intellectual curiosity, or the presence of a subtle pride of self-reliance, as a person seeks to mitigate uncertainties by controlling outcomes. It can also indicate a fundamental need for relevance among their peers. We often see social media trends where a deluge of acquaintances become overnight experts on whatever issue is cycling through the news at the time. People naturally want to demonstrate that they “know” things. They want to add their voice to the conversation as a relevant contributor. This innate desire for significance we observe so readily in people is as old as time. (Gen. 3:1-6; Pro. 18:2) It is rooted in the belief that knowing things and having things to say elevates one’s status and importance. The Bible however, consistently underscores the importance of acknowledging our limitations, and embracing a humble posture.

In Philippians 2:3-11 Paul draws our attention to Christ and His humility, and admonishes us that we should emulate this in our interactions with others. He addresses selfish ambition and vain conceit, and instructs us to value others above ourselves. He goes on to describe the phenomenal depth of Christ’s humility, and the lengths He went because of it. His words challenge the inclination we have to prioritize our perspectives and contributions over the insights and contributions of others. In Paul’s example of the church functioning as a body, we see that God creates individuals with a variety of strengths and weaknesses that function optimally when they recognize, and embrace them together. (1 Corinthians 12:12-27) Humility recognizes that it’s ok not to know everything. It’s ok to refrain from the exhausting pressure to keep up with information and it’s ok to decline to have opinions about everything going on around us. We don’t have to prove we are relevant or know something others do not. We can humbly defer to others who are stronger in an area than we are. Knowledge can be commendable for various reasons, but it should always be accompanied by a humble awareness that others, including professionals, experts, and leaders, may also have valuable insights.

Our interaction with and attitude toward authority and leadership is also a strong indicator of whether we are operating with humility. Consider Christ’s humble submission to the cross referenced above. Equal with God, yet submitting to, and cooperating respectfully with every earthly authority along the way, because He chose to follow the will of the Father. (Phil. 2:5-11) It is ok, to have questions about the integrity of leaders, experts or establishments, but this should not morph into a wholesale rejection of leadership or a refusal to acknowledge expertise. The Christian who feels Scripturally compelled to address a wrong must do so in a way that is both respectful and peaceful. (Heb. 12:14) It should never morph into ugly, vigilante defiance.

Humility, ultimately, is the application of our understanding of who God is, and where we fit in His picture. It acknowledges that God appoints authorities, (both good and bad!) and it is demonstrated by respectful cooperation with leaders God has appointed, even to the point of death. (Rom. 13:1; Daniel 3; Daniel 6; Matt. 5:39) Like David, as we mentioned earlier, a firm belief in God’s sovereignty, enables us to humble ourselves and trust our security and outcomes fully to Him. It involves recognizing the inherent limitations of our own humanity. The vastness of the world, the complexity of geopolitical events, and the intricacies of human motives are beyond our complete comprehension. Embracing humility means understanding that, as finite beings, we cannot fully grasp the entirety of the tapestry of history. We must accept that there are things we do not know, and that no single individual or group is able to know or do things perfectly. It is important to recognize the worth of others and their input, and to possess a willingness to learn, even from those we might disagree with.

The Christian Thought-Life

Anxiety often arises from the desire to control outcomes, a fear of the unknown, or a sense of vulnerability. It is easy for the anxious heart to become entangled in a web of imagined or possible threats, forgetting the foundational truth that God is in control. We must remember however, that kingdoms and their kings, wars, world affairs, political machinations, and hidden agendas are well within the purview of God’s sovereignty. Understanding this goes a long way in alleviating anxiety. If we truly believe God is Who He says He is, and that He keeps His promises to us, we can rest in Christ’s instruction to “take no thought for tomorrow.” Tomorrow will take care of itself. To truly trust in God, is to acknowledge that He has dominion over all things, from the smallest need we have, to the most complex problems humanity faces. In times of uncertainty, we are called to fix our eyes on a sovereign God who holds the world in His hands. We are to engage in this world, discerningly grounded in the knowledge that our ultimate security lies in God’s unwavering control over the course of history.

The book of Daniel serves as a potent reminder of God’s sovereignty over the rise and fall of nations, providing a comforting anchor for those wrestling with the world’s uncertainties. In chapters 2 and 4, we read about Nebuchadnezzar’s dreams and Daniel’s interpretations which display God’s absolute sovereignty over the affairs of humanity. Nebuchadnezzar’s dream of a great statue, shattered by a stone not cut by human hands, symbolizes the establishment of God’s eternal kingdom superseding all earthly powers. This narrative underscores the profound truth that God, not humanity, orchestrates the grand tapestry of history. God’s sovereignty extends beyond the political realm to every aspect of life, include those daily concerns that often fuel anxiety, like what we will eat or wear. Jesus directs our focus to the providence of God. (Matt. 6:25-34) Worrying does not add a single solitary benefit to one’s life.

The Distraction from Christ & the Gospel

Navigating the complex world of conspiracy theories prompts Christians to confront pivotal questions about their role among fellow humans. It is easy to dehumanize individuals at the center of sensational narratives, casting them as mortal enemies deserving of apocalyptic wrath, but we must yield to the understanding that our ultimate adversary is Satan. James and John, quick to suggest divine retribution, faced Christ’s rebuke, revealing a discrepancy between their spirit and Christ’s. (Luke 9:51-55) The mindset of vengeance contradicted the essence of Christ’s mission, as highlighted in John 3:17 and 2 Peter 3:9. The Gospel emphasizes Christ’s merciful desire to save men from their sin and rescue them from perishing, rather than to condemn.

Recognizing the universal reality of sin (John 8:7; Rom. 3:10-12; 23; 1 John 1:8) Christians are reminded that not one of us is innocent, and like the servant that received great mercy and forgiveness from his master, we should not turn around and mete excessive judgment upon others for their sin. (Matt. 18:21-25; Matt. 7:3-5) Our actions, as Christ-bearers, should be grounded in the fruits of the Spirit, reflecting a Christ-like gentleness and patience. (Gal. 5:22-23)

The Christian that becomes involved in conspiracy theorizing often becomes entangled in an alternative gospel of sorts. Many become persuaded that their pursuit of “truth” and “justice” by exposing evil is a righteous, Christian ambition, but the way these terms are used is distorted in context and far-removed from Biblical principles. They are, in fact, often the antithesis of what Christian interaction should look like. (For a thorough understanding of the expectations for Christians in all their interactions, I highly recommend reading through the Epistles.)

Biblical truth is exemplified in John 14:6, and centers on Christ as the ultimate truth. “Jesus answered, ‘I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.” This truth transcends earthly narratives of “truth” and conspiracy-laden speculations, emphasizing salvation and reconciliation with God. THIS is the Christian focus. THIS is the truth Christians ought to be concerned with spreading and sharing. THIS should be the primary objective and goal of ANY of the earthly battles we engage in. This is the ultimate outcome we should desire when we claim we are advocating ‘truth and justice.”

Similarly, Biblical justice, rooted in God’s character, calls for righteousness and mercy. Micah 6:8 says “He has shown you, O mortal, what is good. And what does the Lord require of you? To act justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God.” We are recipients of God’s unfathomable grace. We have experienced the far reaches of His mercy, and immeasurable kindness and forgiveness for our own wickedness and sinfulness. The version of justice propagated in conspiracy realms is often driven by an intense desire for personal vengeance, but the Biblical concept encompasses a broader understanding, incorporating along with justice, mercy and humility. While some may feel compelled to intervene in the world, and mete out their versions of justice, Christians are called to trust in God’s ultimate justice, and refrain from taking matters into their own hands (Rom. 12:19). Instead, we are to focus on living a life worthy of the Gospel, producing precious fruit that brings honor and glory to God.

Conclusion

Christians need to carefully consider their role in the world within the context of God’s sovereignty and as ambassadors of the Gospel. The dangers of conspiracy theorizing are real, impacting credibility and hindering right-Biblical thinking. The enemy uses these distractions to keep believers from presenting the truth of Christ and the foundational Gospel truths.

Addressing the concerns often presented requires discernment, distinguishing between speculative theories and actionable problems. Recognizing God’s sovereignty over human affairs, as illustrated in historical biblical conspiracies, ensures we are viewing the world and its problems through the right lens. Christians must walk with humility and discernment, setting and maintaining high standards of credibility while accurately using Scripture. Humility is crucial in our interactions in this world, acknowledging limitations and embracing a teachable spirit. Trusting in God’s sovereignty over all things provides a comforting anchor amid uncertainties, alleviating anxiety. Christians must guard against vengeance and an us-versus-them mentality, aligning the pursuit of truth and justice with biblical principles that are centered upon Christ.

In conclusion, as Christians encounter a deluge of problems and theories, they are called to discernment, humility, and a focus on Christ. With a firm foundation in God’s Word and unwavering trust in His sovereignty, believers can navigate these dilemmas without compromising their faith or credibility.

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1. For the Christian who needs reinforcement on the subject of God’s nature, character and attributes, I highly recommend the series, “The Attributes of God” by Steven Lawson, and the book “Knowing God” by J.I. Packer. ↩︎
2. If you are unfamiliar with “Q” you can learn more here https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/men-qanon/story?id=73046374 ↩︎
3. https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/twitter-bans-7-000-qanon-accounts-limits-150-000-others-n1234541 ↩︎
4. Note: Hebrews 1:1-2 ↩︎